| Quick Summary | Details | Bibliography | Suggested Activities | Graph |

The Great Migration

Adero, Malaika, ed. Up South: Stories, Studies and Letters of African American Migrations. New York: The New Press, 1993.

This compilation of primary sources reveals the human side of African-American migration history.

Andrews, W. T. "The Causes of Black Migration from the South." The Journal of Negro History 63 (Fall 1978).

Andrews provides an insightful analysis of African-American migration.

Coles, Robert. The South Goes North. Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1971.

This narrative history is an excellent source because it involves the reader, making migration history tangible. Coles notes that the conditions of the South encouraged not only African-Americans to flee, but poor whites also.

Ernst, Robert T. and Lawrence Hugg, eds. Black America: Geographic Perspectives. Garden City, N.Y.: Anchor Press, 1976.

This is an excellent resource for understanding the geographic patterns of African-American migration and the resulting change in the demography of the United States.

Franklin, John Hope. From Slavery to Freedom. 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1994.

A must-have general source of the African-American experience, including migration.

Jones, Marcus E. Black Migration in the United States with Emphasis on Selected Central Cities. Saratoga, Calif.: Century Twenty One Publishing, 1980.

Jones comprehensively addresses the ramifications of the African-American migration.

Rogers, William Warren, Robert David Ward, Leah Rawls Atkins, and Wayne Flynt. Alabama: The History of a Deep South State. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1994.

Provides essential statistics needed to fully grasp the effects of African-American migration in Alabama.